SScam,
You will have to pull the intake manifold, water pump, valve covers, harmonic damper . . . anything that prevents you from removing the lifters and timing chain cover. Remove the fuel pump. There is a lobe on the front end of the camshaft that actuates the fuel pump. On SBCs, there is an actuator rod that runs from the cam to the fuel pump. This rod needs to be pulled out far enough for the cam bearing journals to clear. I prefer to remove the fuel pump adaptor plate so that I can completely remove this actuator rod. There is a 3/8-16 UNC tapped hole on the front of the block that intersects the fuel pump actuator rod bore. When reassembling, you can shove the actuator rod back up in it's bore and hold it in place by screwing a 3/8-16 UNC bolt into this threaded hole. Do not tighten this bolt! It only needs to be finger tight to hold the rod in place to facilitate fuel pump installation.
Make sure you use new lifters with the new cam. Even if your current lifters have only been run a few miles, don't take the chance of ruining your new camshaft by re-using your old lifters. Always, always use new lifters with a new cam. When removing the old cam, mark the old lifters as to position in the engine so that if you ever want to go back to the original cam you will know which lifters match up with which lobe. Use plenty of cam assembly lube on the bottom of the lifters and on each individual lobe (including the fuel pump lobe). Lubricate the lifter bodies and cam bearing journals with motor oil prior to assembly. Also (everyone seems to forget to mention this), lubricate the distributor gear drive.
When removing the old cam and installing the new, be very, very careful of the cam bearings. The edges of the lobes are sharp and can destroy a bearing during installation. A lot of people use a 'cam installation tool' which is really nothing more than a handle that bolts on to the front of the camshaft with the timing sprocket tapped holes. I don't use this tool . . . if you are very careful, you don't really need it. However, it does make the install a little easier to do without banging the lobes against the bearings.
As far as tools are concerned, I would recommend using a puller specifically designed for removing/installing harmonic dampers. Most any three armed puller can be made to work for pulling the damper off . . . but you really need to use something other than a big hammer to put it back on . . . that's a bubba trick that I would surely not recommend.
As far as degreeing the camshaft, you will need a degree wheel and a couple of other things. Take a look at the Crane Cams website. They have a detailed proceedure for checking cam degree. If you have some gear head buddies, buy a case o' beer and invite 'em over to help. Just make sure none of them are named Bubba . . .
Hmmm . . . hope I didn't forget something. If I did, I'm sure someone will chime in here.
Ron