A supercharger doesn't necessarily require hood modifications. You can mount the supercharger remotely (say, down below the A/C compressor (opposite the power steering pump) and run a pipe to bring the air to the intake. There are two main types of superchargers: compressors and blowers:
A compressor (centrifugal supercharger) is similar to a turbocharger, except driven by a belt instead of an exhaust turbine. They produce a lot of boost, but don't actually move any air.
A blower (eg, roots) moves air, but doesn't compress it. Great for low-end torque, but not so hot for top-end, where the pressurized air (the air develops pressure when it hits the intake manifold and can't go anywhere) bleeds back through the blower and gets recirculated, generating heat which reduces efficiency. Because blowers push the air, rather than just pressurizing it, they can move the same volume of air with less pressure.
I happen to be a fan of the Autorotor-type supercharger (sold most commonly by folks like Whipple), which blows and compresses air. I think this gives a good balance between the advantages of both, while avoiding some of the disadvantages.
In any case, if you are running with a carb, you'll need some special hardware to make things work, since the carb uses pressure differentials to control much of its fuel metering.
Joe