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Replacing Rack & Pinion

MCNE

Well-known member
Joined
May 20, 2003
Messages
85
Location
USA
Corvette
1996 Black on Black
Ok, I'm sure I need to have this done with the binding and leaks. My question is really how difficult is it to do? Is it worth the time or will I end up throwing tools and using lots of profanity? Also, any good documentation to be found on how to remove and replace? I still don’t have a service manual yet but I'm working on that. From what I've read there is a standard and a Z51 type of rack that can be purchased. Any easy way to make sure I'm sold the correct thing? My car does have this package option.



Thanks,



MCNE
 
I just did my 85, it wasn't all that hard. took allot longer than I thought (figured 4 hours took 6 hours) I had to replace all the power steering hoses and take off the power steering pump to get the hose off of the pump, nothing tricky, looking at my 94 it wouldn't be much harder although it looks like there is a bit less room. to make sure you have the right rack check the "lock to lock" turn the wheels all the way to the right or left and then turn to the left or right lock count the turns, mine was 2.45 the two ratios are 2.45 or 3.28 (I think as I am writeing in the middle of the night). you will have to get an alignment, but you can get it close enough to drive it.

Good luck
 
The GM shop manual has good instructions on how to R&R the rack. You will have to remove the front sway bar to get to the bolts holding the rack in place. You will need a metric "crow's foot" (18mm I think) to remove the pressure hose from the rack; you can see this hose connection by looking down in front of the A/C compressor. You'll need about 2 feet worth of socket extensions to get to it from above. It's next to impossible to get a open-end wrench on it!

If you have a tie rod puller ($6 at Harbor Freight) use it ti remove the tie rod stud or remove the castle nut and turn it upside down and re-thread it so that the nut surface is even with the stud and use a hammer to knock out the tie rod end.

When you go looking for a replacement rack, make sure they understand you need the quicker-turning rack. Most places should have refernces in the parts book to the two different versions. The listing will say something like "with HD suspension", "optional sport steering" or maybe even "Z51" or something like that. The Z51 rack is typically more expensive. There will be a core charge (usually $100-150).

They will probably tell you that you have to return the "correct" rack, but there is no easy way to externally tell the difference between the two. Factory racks have different numbers on them, but rebuilt assemblies from parts stores may not have anything on them. Buy the new rack and install it then take the old rack back for the core refund.

Depending on mileage, consider replacing the tie rod ends at the same time you replace the rack. USe AC Delco or Moog. They are not hard to remove from the rack once the entire assembly is off the car. To get the new tie rod ends in the correct place, release the jamb nut and count the number of turns it takes to unscrew the old ones. Also measure a distance from someplace on the old tie rod end to the end of the sleeve. When you install the new ones, turn them in the same number of turns and verify the measurment you took on the old one is the same for the new one.

I would also drain all of the old PS fluid from the pump and reservoir and replace with new fluid. Once you have the new rack in place and the hoses connected, fill the reservoir and start the motor. At idle, turn the steering wheel to full lock to the left and right a couple of times. Stop the motor and refill the reservoir. Let it sit for a couple of minutes and then repeat until the steering seems firm and the pump is quite. Check the reservoir and fill to the proper level. Use a PS fluid and not ATF. I'm using Red Line PS fluid in my 87 for autocross and track days. The synthetic fluid handles the higher temps better that the off-the-shelf fluids. It's pricey at around $8 a quart, but the system only needs a couple of quarts.

Once the rack is in place and everything bolted up, you should have the front alignment checked.
 
You'll know you have the right rack if the letters on the bottom match. That is how you tell them apart. I've seen a listing somewhere that has all of them. Don't get a cheap rebuild, make sure both of the inner tierods have been replaced. If you just want to get the tierod loose from the steering arm loosen the nut and take a big hammer and wack it good right on the side it will pop right out. That's how frontend shops do it, works every time!

JS
 
c4cruiser said:
The GM shop manual has good instructions on how to R&R the rack. You will have to remove the front sway bar to get to the bolts holding the rack in place. You will need a metric "crow's foot" (18mm I think) to remove the pressure hose from the rack; you can see this hose connection by looking down in front of the A/C compressor. You'll need about 2 feet worth of socket extensions to get to it from above. It's next to impossible to get a open-end wrench on it!

If you have a tie rod puller ($6 at Harbor Freight) use it ti remove the tie rod stud or remove the castle nut and turn it upside down and re-thread it so that the nut surface is even with the stud and use a hammer to knock out the tie rod end.

When you go looking for a replacement rack, make sure they understand you need the quicker-turning rack. Most places should have refernces in the parts book to the two different versions. The listing will say something like "with HD suspension", "optional sport steering" or maybe even "Z51" or something like that. The Z51 rack is typically more expensive. There will be a core charge (usually $100-150).

They will probably tell you that you have to return the "correct" rack, but there is no easy way to externally tell the difference between the two. Factory racks have different numbers on them, but rebuilt assemblies from parts stores may not have anything on them. Buy the new rack and install it then take the old rack back for the core refund.

Depending on mileage, consider replacing the tie rod ends at the same time you replace the rack. USe AC Delco or Moog. They are not hard to remove from the rack once the entire assembly is off the car. To get the new tie rod ends in the correct place, release the jamb nut and count the number of turns it takes to unscrew the old ones. Also measure a distance from someplace on the old tie rod end to the end of the sleeve. When you install the new ones, turn them in the same number of turns and verify the measurment you took on the old one is the same for the new one.

I would also drain all of the old PS fluid from the pump and reservoir and replace with new fluid. Once you have the new rack in place and the hoses connected, fill the reservoir and start the motor. At idle, turn the steering wheel to full lock to the left and right a couple of times. Stop the motor and refill the reservoir. Let it sit for a couple of minutes and then repeat until the steering seems firm and the pump is quite. Check the reservoir and fill to the proper level. Use a PS fluid and not ATF. I'm using Red Line PS fluid in my 87 for autocross and track days. The synthetic fluid handles the higher temps better that the off-the-shelf fluids. It's pricey at around $8 a quart, but the system only needs a couple of quarts.

Once the rack is in place and everything bolted up, you should have the front alignment checked.

The car has 57,000 mile on it so I was surprised that I'm having this problem. I still have this weird leak that actually won't leak all the time. Very difficult to find but it doesn’t look like its leaking directly from the rack. Also it won't continuously leak. I need to get a shop manual ASAP any acquire the correct tools as well. I'm thinking I might just replace all on the lines as well. This might cost me more than just having someone fix it for me actually.



Thanks for the info.
 
First drain all your old power steering fluid. Get some Lucas power steering sealer and refill it.

It should cure your shudders, leaks and groans. Worked like a champ in mine!

Try the easy fixes first!!!
 
OLDCHEV said:
First drain all your old power steering fluid. Get some Lucas power steering sealer and refill it.

It should cure your shudders, leaks and groans. Worked like a champ in mine!

Try the easy fixes first!!!

Yep I'm trying that now. I started the process wrong because I really needed to get all of that old oil out first. This is the second time I've have drained and refilled. I'll drive it today and do it one more time then try Lucas for a final try while I compile the tools and documentation I need to tackle this job if needed. I need to track down a service manual. These things aren't cheap even online. I would prefer to buy local in possible.



MCNE
 
Get the "real deal" GM service manual from Helm. It's the same one used by GM techs. Order it at www.helminc.com You might find one on eBay but sometimes they are dirty, missing pages or maybe not the entire set.
 

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